History of Real Madrid Cf

Martin Torrijos 12th Grade English November 21, 2012 Real Madrid FC Real Madrid Football Club is one of the oldest, most successful clubs in the world. Ever since its inception in 1902, the club has won countless titles, and has been a perennial contender for its entire existence. Many of the sport’s biggest, most notorious legends have worn the pure white uniforms that have become synonymous with the team. With a history of excellence, and a winning tradition that continues to this day, Real Madrid’s already unbelievable legacy looks to become even greater with the passage of time.This incredible club was founded on March 6th 1902 as â€Å"Sociedad de Madrid FC, and its first ever president was Mr. Juan Padros. In one of the first team meetings, the board agreed to the dress team white shirts, with matching shirts and socks, as a tribute to one of his favorite football clubs (Corinthia of London). This decision inadvertently led to the creation of one of football†™s most iconic looks, the pure white Real Madrid home kits. In the very same year that the club was founded, it won its first championship, the â€Å"Campeonato Regional Central† (Central Regional Championship).Two years later, On May 21, 1904; Madrid FC participated in the founding of FIFA (the international federation that, to this day, is still the central governing body of the sport), with the federations of Belgium, Denmark, France, Netherlands, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland (and their respective top clubs) all present. Decades later, on June 29, 1920; the club received a letter from the King Alfonso XIII of Spain granting them the title of a â€Å"royal†, a distinction that very few Spanish clubs can boast.Not even some of the country’s most successful clubs (Barcelona, Valencia, Malaga, and Atletico de Madrid; for example) share the distinction of being â€Å"royal† clubs. Since then, the club has utilized its present name, Real Madrid Club de Fu tbol. In the same decade that they were declared football royalty, they participated in the inaugural league championship of Spain in 1929, where it finished in second place behind their soon-to-be lifelong rivals F. C. Barcelona. The following season the club began a tradition of spending made many signings, including goalkeeper Ricardo Zamora, for whom they paid 150,000 pesetas to Espanyol.Despite the large investment, Real Madrid had a discrete participation and came nowhere near winning the title. In 1931, with the establishment of the Second Spanish Republic, Real Madrid was stripped of the title of â€Å"Royal† and renamed to Madrid Football Club again. The club, however, further invested on players and obtained League 1931/32, the first in Madrid, undefeated. The success was repeated in the 1932/33 season, with Brazilian Olivares consecrated as the first big-name scorer of the team.The first era of Real Madrid-style success soon ensued, and the club won three consecuti ve leagues (1933-34, 1934-35 and 1935-36), and were also cup winners in 1934 and 1936 after beating Valencia C. F. and F. C. Barcelona respectively. With the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War sports activities were suspended from 1936 to 1939. After the end of the political turmoil in Spain, the club regained its title of â€Å"Royal†. The war, however, left Real Madrid without several of their stars, so they decided to hire many players, including Sabino Barinaga, a world class midfielder who arrived from Southampton FC in England.On September 15, 1943 ex-player and former coach Santiago Bernabeu was unanimously named club president, ushering in a prosperous stage of the club’s history. This move allowed Real Madrid get the â€Å"bicampeonato†, winning both the league and domestic cup, in 1946 and1947. The club, however, suffered such poor results during the 1948-49 campaign that league winning coach Quincoces Jacinto, with just one year in office, resigned fro m his post midway through the season.In January 1948 Michael English relieved Quincoces, and managed to save the team from descending into the â€Å"Segunda Division†, the second tier league of Spanish football, which sends its top three teams into the first division while receiving the bottom three from the â€Å"Primera Division†. Although English had stars like the great Pahino at his disposal, the â€Å"Merengues† spent the next few years in mediocrity and finishing mid-table. On March 6, 1952, to commemorate the 50th anniversary of its founding, the team hosted an international friendly tournament , where they lost the final ost to Club Deportivo Los Millonarios from Colombia. Despite the loss, the club spotted Argentine player Alfredo di Stefano and hired him from Millonarios in 1953, along and Spaniard Francisco Gento from Racing de Santander. This signing proved to be excellent, as Di Stefano would lead Madrid to an era of absolute success, and is still regarded as one of the top five players to ever play for Madrid. With â€Å"Pahino† Molowny, Di Stefano and Gento, the â€Å"Merengues† got the 1953-54 league title, after a 21 year dry spell. Di Stefano was crowned top scorer of the tournament, a feat that he would repeat four more times in Madrid.Under the direction of Spanish coach Jose Villalonga, and with a team of players like Juan Alonso, â€Å"Marquitos† Rafael Lesmes, Miguel Munoz, Jose Maria Zarraga, â€Å"Joseito† Alfredo di Stefano, Hector Rial and Francisco Gento, Real Madrid conquered 1954-55 and 1956-57 league. They also participated in the first two editions of the European Cup, which they won by beating Stade de Rennes in the French league in the Parc des Princes and ACF Fiorentina of Serie A D’Italia in the Santiago Bernabeu, respectively, in the 1955-56 and 1956-57 editions.Argentina’s Luis Carniglia relieved Villalonga, and, with the additions of Raymond Kopa, Jose Santam aria and Ferenc Puskas; the team won the 1957-58 European Cup, and beat AC Milan and Rennes in the finals of the â€Å"Coup d’Europe† in 1958 and 1959, respectively. Following years of Di Stefano-led success, the club began a new era in 1966. Madrid gave relief to the old idols of Madrid with a team of young Spanish people like Joseph Araquistain, â€Å"Pachin† Pedro de Felipe, Manuel Sanchis , â€Å"Pirri†, Ignacio Zoco Francisco Serena, Amancio Amaro, Ramon Grosso and Manuel Velazquez; and led by the veteran Francisco Gento.The rejuvenated tea won the European Cup, after years of futile performance. In the 1970? s, the now-veteran players won Real Madrid five Leagues and three Domestic Cups. The happy period of the club’s history would soon end. On June 2, 1978 Santiago Bernabeu died during the World Championships in Argentina. Soon after, in September, Luis Carlos became president of Madrid. During the reign of Luis Carlos (1978-1985), the team won 2 Leagues, 2 Cups and one UEFA Cup. In those years he was formed what came to be known as the â€Å"Quinta del Buitre† (The Vulture’s Five): Emilio Butragueno ( nicknamed the Vulture†), Michel, Manuel Sanchis, Rafael Martin Vazquez and Miguel Pardeza were all instrumental to the team’s success. In 1981, Real Madrid was defeated in the final of the Champions League for the first time, against Liverpool FC. La Quinta del Buitre was one of the best generations of home-grown Real Madrid players, starting with their win the Second Division title in 1984 with Real Madrid Castilla, the subsidiary of the Club. That generation won five consecutive league (1986-1990) , a Domestic Cup in 1989 and a second title of the UEFA Cup in 1986.In 1985, Luis Carlos retired from the presidency due to his advanced age and was succeeded by Ramon Mendoza (1985-1995). This new generation was led by Mexican striker Hugo Sanchez, bought from Atletico Madrid. They, like the Quinta del Buitre before them, achieved great success (although not as much as their predecessors). The era of victorious accomplishments was broken in 1991, when F. C. Barcelona (led by legend Johan Cruyff) managed to win four consecutive league titles and one European Cup in 1992. During those years, the Madrid only won a Copa del Rey (Domestic Cup) in 1993.At the end of that dark period, the last remnants of the Quinta del Buitre were dissolved with the departures of Butragueno and Michel Vasquez. However, another big player in history came from the Madrid youth academy, Raul Gonzalez Blanco. Commonly known by his first name only, Rauis believed by many to be the best Madrid homegrown player ever. In 1995, he returned Madrid to its winning ways, winning the league with the help of coach Jorge Valdano and signings new signings Michel Laudrup, Amavisca and Jose Redondo.The joy would prove to be short-lived, as the team failed to win any major titles in the 1995/1996 season, Valdano was f ired because of poor performances and the huge debt accumulated for Real Madrid. Real Madrid finished the season outside the European places, so it did not play in any European competition next season. After a radical restructuring of club, Madrid won the Liga 1996/1997 being directed by Fabio Capello, but he left the club due to their discussions and conflicts with then-president Lorenzo Sanz and was succeeded by Jupp Heynckes.The Madrid team led by Heynckes won the seventh European Cup (which has been renamed Champions League ) in 1998, winning the final against Juventus in Turin by a solitary goal he scored on 66 minutes of the meeting by Predrag Mijatovic, breaking 32 years of drought without winning it, but he was fired due to poor performance league. After a season without a title, Vicente del Bosque came to coach in November 1999, making a debut to promising young goalkeeper Iker Casillas. Del Bosque managed to conquer the Eighth European Cup in 2000 after defeating Valencia CF 3-0 in the final.Shortly after, Florentino Perez was elected president of Real Madrid, with a promise to end the club’s debt. On July 16, 2000 held new presidential elections. Sanz lost his re-election to Florentino Perez, who from this moment became the fourteenth president of Real Madrid. Immediately after, Perez bought Brazilian Flavio Conceicao fro Deportivo La Coruna, Frenchman Claude Makelele from Celta Vigo and Albert Celades of F. C. Barcelona. But no purchase had more impact than that of Portuguese winger Luis Figo, who was bought for 60 million from arch-rivals F.C. Barcelona. This moves started the â€Å"Galacticos† Era. This era was marked by great econoinc spending, and the purchase of many of the world’s biggest stars. Players like Ronaldo, Roberto Carlos, Zinedine Zidane, David Beckham, and Figo all ushered Madrid to great heights. In 2001, Madrid won the league again, and Raul was named top scorer. The team won two league titles (2000/2001 and 2002/2003) and the ninth European Cup in 2002 against Bayer Leverkusen thanks to a goal from Zidane right at the end of the first half.After that, the team spent 3 consecutive seasons without a title, one of the worst losing streaks in its history, prompting the resignation of Florentino on February 27, 2006. With Ramon Calderon as the new president, the club won two League titles: (2006/2007 and 2007/2008) and the Spanish SuperCup (2008) with two different coaches (Capello and Schuster), despite failures in the Champions League. In the 2008/2009 season, there was a scandal which forced the resignation of Calderon in January 2009, and he was succeeded by Vicente Boluda.He organized the transition to return to the presidency of Florentino Perez as the only candidate in the 2009 elections. With the return of Florentino Perez for the 2009/2010 season, the club bought Cristiano Ronaldo, had long sought by Calderon, and Kaka, breaking records for the most expensive players in history (C ristiano Ronaldo 96 million euros, Kaka 67. 2 million euros). Also, the club made other expensive such as Karim Benzema (35 million) and Xabi Alonso (34 million euros). As he signed to coach Manuel Pellegrini, Villarreal from the C.F. , thus beginning the Second Age of Galacticos . However, it was not enough and Real Madrid failed to win a title in 2010, despite having added 96 points in the league, a record surpassed only by the 99 champion. The good league season contraste with the early eliminations in the Doestic Cup and Champions League the sixth consecutive time falling eliminated in second round of the continental showpiece. Pellegrini ended up being removed and replaced by Jose Mourinho, who dismissed two emblematic players Raul and Guti.After 18 years of drought, Mourinho managed to win the Copa del Rey. This was the first title in the second stage of Florentino Perez as the first title from Jose Mourinho at Real Madrid. The following year, Mourinho led Madrid to a league t itle, while breaking the record for most points (100), and most goals scored in a single season (121). Today, Mourinho is currently sitting at third in La Liga, and Madrid has just qualified for the next stage of both the Copa del Rey and the Champions League. The future of this club appears to be just as bright as its illustrious history.

Free Essays on Impact Of Technology In Education And Training

Impact of Technology in Education and Training To grasp the impact that technology is creating in education and training, society must consider how technology has revolutionized America’s culture. In barely five years, electronic technology has dramatically penetrated into every area of society. All of society can reflected on how some aspect of the new information age is changing their job, family life, community, or patterns of commerce. As the nation enter into the new millennium, the most fundamental shift will reflect a redefinition of training itself. To retain key talent, remain competitive, and ensure long-term profitability, organizations are making dramatic changes in the way they develop the knowable and skills of their workforce. Training as something provided for employees will be replaced by learning that employees initiate themselves. Training, when available, will be replaced by learning when needed. Training for the masses will be replaced by highly customized, just-for-me learning. It is abundantly clear that the Information Technology (IT) industry’s employment needs and its impact on the American economy necessitate a more basic understanding of the IT workforce and its future role. According to the U. S. Department of Labor, IT is the fastest growing industry in the economy. The IT workforce current percentage totals, 2.5 million and will continue to grow seven to ten percent annually. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) forecasts that employment in the IT service segment of the industry alone will nearly double by the year 2005, from its current figure of 1.1 million (Garger, 2000, p. 35-6). As a result, our industry is facing a national labor shortage of historic proportions and IT companies cannot find enough workers with the requisite skills. This serious growing shortage of skilled information technology workers throughout the United States is severely affecting the competitiveness of the i... Free Essays on Impact Of Technology In Education And Training Free Essays on Impact Of Technology In Education And Training Impact of Technology in Education and Training To grasp the impact that technology is creating in education and training, society must consider how technology has revolutionized America’s culture. In barely five years, electronic technology has dramatically penetrated into every area of society. All of society can reflected on how some aspect of the new information age is changing their job, family life, community, or patterns of commerce. As the nation enter into the new millennium, the most fundamental shift will reflect a redefinition of training itself. To retain key talent, remain competitive, and ensure long-term profitability, organizations are making dramatic changes in the way they develop the knowable and skills of their workforce. Training as something provided for employees will be replaced by learning that employees initiate themselves. Training, when available, will be replaced by learning when needed. Training for the masses will be replaced by highly customized, just-for-me learning. It is abundantly clear that the Information Technology (IT) industry’s employment needs and its impact on the American economy necessitate a more basic understanding of the IT workforce and its future role. According to the U. S. Department of Labor, IT is the fastest growing industry in the economy. The IT workforce current percentage totals, 2.5 million and will continue to grow seven to ten percent annually. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) forecasts that employment in the IT service segment of the industry alone will nearly double by the year 2005, from its current figure of 1.1 million (Garger, 2000, p. 35-6). As a result, our industry is facing a national labor shortage of historic proportions and IT companies cannot find enough workers with the requisite skills. This serious growing shortage of skilled information technology workers throughout the United States is severely affecting the competitiveness of the i...

Mothers Day Celebrations Around the World

Mothers Day Celebrations Around the World Although the idea of honoring mothers on a special day was known as far back as ancient Greece, today Mothers Day is celebrated in many countries, in many different ways, and on different dates. Where Did Mothers Day Originate? The credit for the American Mothers Day observance goes to three women. In 1872 Julia Ward Howe (1819-1910), who also wrote the lyrics for The Battle Hymn of the Republic, proposed a Mothers Day observance dedicated to peace in the years following the Civil War. Such annual observances were held in Boston in the late 1800s. In 1907 Anna Marie Jarvis (1864-1948), a Philadelphia teacher originally from Grafton, West Virginia, began her own efforts to establish a national Mothers Day. She also wished to honor her own mother, Anna Reeves Jarvis (1832-1905), who had first promoted the Mothers Work Days in 1858 as a way to improve the sanitary conditions in her town. She later worked to relieve suffering during and after the Civil War. With the support of churches, business people, and politicians, Mothers Day came to be observed on the second Sunday in May in most U.S. states within several years of Ann Jarvis campaign. The national Mothers Day holiday became official on May 8, 1914, when President Woodrow Wilson signed a joint resolution, but it was more of a patriotic day on which flags were flown in honor of mom. Ironically, Anna Jarvis, who later tried in vain to combat the increasing commercialization of the holiday, never became a mother herself. Mothers Day in Europe Englands Mothers Day observance goes back to the 13th century when Mothering Sunday was observed on the fourth Sunday of Lent (because it was originally for Mary, mother of Christ). Later, in the 17th century, servants were given a free day on Mothering Sunday to return home and visit their mothers, often bringing along a sweet treat known as the mothering cake that was to be kept until Easter. In the UK, Mothering Sunday is still observed during Lent, in March or early April. In Austria, Germany, and Switzerland Muttertag is observed on the second Sunday in May, just as in the U.S., Australia, Brazil, Italy, Japan, and many other countries. During the First World War, Switzerland was one the first European countries to introduce Mothers Day (in 1917). Germanys first Muttertag observance took place in 1922, Austrias in 1926 (or 1924, depending on the source). Muttertag was first declared an official German holiday in 1933 (the second Sunday in May) and took on a special significance as part of the Nazi motherhood cult under the Hitler regime. There was even a medal- das Mutterkreuz- in bronze, silver, and gold (eight or more Kinder!), awarded to mothers who produced children for the Vaterland. (The medal had the popular nickname of Karnickelorden, the Order of the Rabbit.) After World War II the German holiday became a more unofficial one that took on the cards-and-flowers elements of the U.S. Mothers Day. In Germany, if Mothers Day happens to fall on Pfin gstsonntag (Pentecost), the holiday is moved to the first Sunday in May. Mothers Day in Latin America International Mothers Day is observed on May 11. In Mexico and much of Latin America Mothers Day is on May 10. In France and Sweden Mothers Day falls on the last Sunday in May. Spring in Argentina comes in October, which may explain why their Mothers Day observance is on the second Sunday in October rather than May. In Spain and Portugal Mothers Day is Dec. 8 and is more of a religious holiday than most Mothers Day celebrations around the world, although the English Mothering Sunday actually began under Henry III in the 1200s as a celebration of the Mother Church. German poet and philosopher, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe: Von Vater hab ich die Statur, des Lebens ernstes FÃ ¼hren, von MÃ ¼tterchen die Frohnatur und Lust zu fabulieren.

Reading Responses and Replies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reading Responses and Replies - Essay Example Workforce writing is oriented to complete a job-related task; while college writing enables students to explore their thoughts. No wonder, analysis reports at the workplace are very short since managers do not have time to read long paragraphs. However, academic reports may be lengthy depending on the lecturer instructions on word limit. Writing skills are significant in college, because what one learns in college is eventually used in the professional context to present information. In the professional context, writing is an important way of expressing ideas and information in the form of memo, research reports, presentations, and emails. In response to writing, Gareth highlights important tips that apply to both college and workforce writing. To Purdue University, grammar and vocabulary should be perfect to show intelligence. With this in mind, one is entitled to show the professionalism of the English language in writing, thus enabling one to understand the differences in workforc e writing and college writing. Writing is an important component of effective business practice because, it enables the business person to convey his ideas in various forms such as advertising and marketing to attract his target audience. ... Jae is deep in content since he has outlined how college writing tends to be structured as per professor requirement, whereas professional writing is flexible. I agree with this writer because; college students are instructed to write in various guidelines such as word length, writing styles such as MLA and APA among others. However, professional writers follow guidelines of accomplishing a job-related task that a time may be required to be in short paragraphs for easy reading. Response 2 I have chosen to apply for an administration manager post in the Walt Disney Company, the World’s leader in family entertainment. This company is well-known for the production of motion pictures, television network, and film studios amongst others. To be most appealing to this employer, I intend to present my presentation neatly and professionally. In doing this, I will emphasize on researching about the company and the job applied. I will express my interest for working in Walt Disney Compan y based on my pre-research, and put across how am impressed by the company’s success and growth. I will effectively present knowledge of the post am applying. In doing this, I will demonstrate my passion to work for Walt Disney Company. I will show my trust for this company to be the best place to exploit my skills and experiences for the gain of the company. There are various ways that I will demonstrate the skills I have that the employer is seeking. First, I will list all the requirements of an administrative manager am proficient in such as scheduling, organizing, planning, and supervising. In this case, I will customize the responsibilities as per the job post requirement to win

Internet and the Issues It Gave Birth to Assignment

Internet and the Issues It Gave Birth to - Assignment Example The present paper has identified that  the internet has a profound impact on culture, both good and bad. A culture can be defined in the simplest possible terms as the sum total of the ideologies, customs, rituals, language, and lifestyle of a people that sets them apart from other people. In fact, the world is filled with diverse cultures which have their roots reaching even the Stone Age. The first impact the internet has in this field is the assimilation of these cultures resulting in the creation of a world uniform culture. To elaborate, the coming of the internet hugely helped the spread of western culture throughout the world. As most Asian and African countries look westward for technology and development, they inadvertently take up the lifestyle of western civilization that is highly liberal in nature. Yet another terrible blow is the disappearance of regional languages and the dominance of English. As English is the language that is mostly used in higher researches and as it is the main language in use on the net, it becomes necessary for other people to adopt English as a means of communication, thus leading to the erosion and gradual demise of their regional languages. As stated in Forbes and Mahan, (Eds.) (135), since the primary language of the internet is English, it would transmit the elements of Western values including an emphasis on material goods, entertainment, sex, and romance. The way the dressing sense of the modern youth has changed is the most effective example of this influence. If one can see young people wearing jeans and t-shirts in all countries and cultures and if they are seen eating pizza and hotdogs forgetting their traditional food items, as everybody knows, it is the internet to be blamed. However, the other side of the argument, though quite feeble, is that the internet does not necessarily eliminate the values of indigenous cultures. As Nakamura (88-89) states, the internet has the potential for challenging western influe nce; and moreover, it can turn to be an effective device for non-western users. The author points out the example of New Media Center Sarai New Delhi which has developed software for indigenous non-literates. According to Lessig (10), people around the world have the opportunity to build and cultivate a culture; perhaps a cyber-culture that would reach beyond the local boundaries. Unfortunately, the internet offers people the opportunity to destruct their cultures too. Ethical issues associated with the use of internet Though the accurate meaning of ethics vary from culture to culture and people to people, there are certain universally accepted norms of ethics that distinguish humans from other animate and inanimate beings. One can undoubtedly say that the security and freedom provided by internet lure many people into forgetting their ethics and morality to enjoy the unlimited chances of enjoyment available on the net. The first one in this row is the adoption of pseudo-identity on the internet to cheat people. As everybody knows, it is possible to hide one's real identity and this provides people immeasurable chances of carnal pleasure, monetary frauds, and other innumerable ways of cheating. To be precise, the availability of porn sites which often impart biased views on sex is responsible for the increasing sexual atrocities or crimes against females throughout the world.

Corporate Risk Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Corporate Risk Management - Essay Example In recent years, and especially after the global economic crisis, it is an observation that some governments are endeavoring to reduce expenses so that they can cope with the crisis in different sectors. The Saudi government has concluded that operating a medical hospital by private companies result in the increment of costs for the government. Therefore, the government decided to begin operation of hospitals publicly to reduce expenses, as well as, to increase the quality of medical services provided to the people. This decision put some companies in big trouble because it was a sudden decision that were relying on only the operation of hospitals as their financial source. At the end of 2008, experts witnessed anger of the public in Saudi Arabia due to lack of quality services of some companies associated with the field of medical operation of government hospitals. Government, as well as public noted that companies were not able to provide services equivalent to that of the government contracts. Therefore, the Saudi government issued a surprising decision to prohibit companies from running public hospitals, which led to the annoyance of associated companies that caused termination of the employment contracts with huge number of staff. In this section, I will identify the basis of the problem, as well as determine the extent of the problem and its impact on the specific company. In addition, the paper will attempt to discuss confrontations of this risk and the way company resolved this risk in an efficient manner. For such purpose, graph including factors of the risk management cycle will provide a comprehensive understanding of the issue. The first phase of the cycle of risk management is identification of risk and factors that caused the risk and circumstances that promoted the occurrence of risk. Although the dependence on a specific investment seems a

The Strategic marketing applied by Orange

The Strategic marketing applied by Orange The Orange brand is central to companys vision and success A brand is a promise delivered It was developed with flexibility to cross the borders and to challenge the conventions of mobile telephony. In the year 1996 it entered into FTSE-100 becoming the youngest company ever to enter. It is the Fifth largest customer in the world, with over 189 millions of customers as on December 2009. Orange group serves more than 175 million customers in 5 continents. Today Orange is one of the most powerful brand in the word. It is number 3 in Europe in respect of Tele communication and Number 1 in respect of Broad band services. On 1st of July 2010, Orange in UK and T Mobile in UK became the UKs largest communications company. Key Person: Richard Stephen (CEO) 1.1 Impact of Organization strategy on the Marketing Plan: Organizational strategy represents the complete set of activities that an organization chooses to perform to meet its mission, goals, and objectives. Successful implementation of organizational strategies requires a crucial understanding of the linkages between resources, activities, and the desired outcomes. Organizational strategy has two key dimensions: Conformance and Performance. The conformance dimension is intended to ensure that an organization meets its compliance on accountability and assurance requirements, while the performance dimension is to ensure that value is created and resources are utilized appropriately. Oversight committees have been established for decades that monitor the conformance requirements. However, it is important to recognize that there have been no explicit strategic oversight bodies until recently. Organizations are starting to realize that these two dimensions need to be balanced appropriately. In the following paragraph we will examine that we will examine how marketing plan affects and contribute to both dimensions of its organizational strategy. On the other hand, Marketing Plan is a document describing a firms potential customers and a comprehensive strategy to sell them goods and services. It is a written document that details the necessary actions to achieve one or more marketing objectives. The impact of organizational strategy is very foundation. Marketing plan is always made in the light of organizational main strategy. It is a part of overall organizational strategy and works under the umbrella of overall organizational strategy which will lead to achievements of the main objectives of the organization. As mentioned above that organizational strategy has two dimensions conformance and performance, both dimension are need to be consider at every strategic level. Orange is a public limited company and has to maintain the discipline of cooperate governance and procedures of regularity body like Ofcom and Financial service authority FSA therefore it has to make such marketing plan which ensure that it product and service compliance with mentioned regularity bodies that covers the conformance dimension of organizational strategy. Secondly, performance dimension of organizational strategy focuses a business plan that is increasing value through great marketing mix, marketing strategy and product positioning which covers the performance dimension of organizational strategy. 1.2 Components of Marketing Plan: There are following components of marketing plan. Executive Summary Introduction / State of Business SWOT Analysis Objectives and Marketing Strategy Implementation: (4Ps/ 7Ps) Financial Implications Control and Evaluation 1.3 Risks issues within a Marketing Plan: Risks are likely events that will significantly lower the volume base, raise the required spending rate, or have some other adverse effect on margins or market share. An effective market plan should consider the key risks to the business and organizational overall strategy and presents contingency plans to be followed to minimize the negative impact of these risks. Most key risks involve competitive actions not directly addressed in the marketing plan, possible internal operating problems or the failure of the marketing programs to deliver what is expected. The impact on the volume base or spending rate is then estimated and a specific contingency plan to overcome the situation is proposed. It also includes an explanation of what performance measures and levels will trigger implementation of each contingency plan. Close monitoring of these measures is consequently an important control function. 2.1 Level of Importance of each component of a plan First will be the SWOT analysis SWOT analysis : SWOT analysis is one of the major components of a plan It is the Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Treats of the Organisation; It is the strategic planning method which helps the marketers to focus on key issues. Marketing Strategy of Orange: The marketing strategy of Orange will be explained at the later stage of this work by using Ansoff growth matrix strategy model. It is also regarded as one of the important component of the plan, because it states what Orange is doing in terms of its business nature. 4 ps of Orange : 4 ps which are Product, Price, Place and Promotion also forms an important basis of the plan, It will help orange to position itself in the market. These 4 ps are an important parameters in the hands of Directors and Marketing manager to control it but subject to the internal and external environment constraints. Financial Implications: Any activity undertaken or performed in the business is related financially or in other words, all the activities performed within the business has financial implications. The marketing plan should also show how the marketing strategy had changed the organisation financially in terms of planning and development. 2.2 Mitigation Strategies for High risk component of the plan. The risky components which are mainly Product, Price, Orange Strength, Competitors Threats etc, Orange had developed various plans and strategies in order to mitigate these threats which is explained below. Different product lines for different customers Introducing different product lines in order to meet customer needs. Orange has further divided its three main products which are Pay as you go talk plan, Pay monthly talk plan and broadband service into various different types of sub-product to cater the needs of the customer. For e.g. Panther pay monthly plan provides unlimited texts, Unlimited Internet for text and Internet lover whereas Racoon pay monthly provides unlimited landline calls. Orange had designed and altered its product as per requirement of each and every customers. This is made in order to mitigate the choice and preference of customers which differs from person to person. Different price plan to cater different range of customers Orange also had different price plans for every customers, in order to meet the budget of an individual it has low price plan from  £15 a month to highest  £75 to its business customers. Allowing Minutes bundles for International calls for UK customers Orange should identify the composition of UK customers as most of the customers are immigrant, and most of them mean to be from different countries and are often making International calls, Orange should introduced an Access number by which one can make International calls by using the monthly available bundles of minutes from the plan. This will help orange to increase its customer base. Product Diversification Orange should also diversify its business current other business of Orange can be explained as follows. Orange has diversified its business recently from Telecommunication to different sector in order to earn extra revenue to the group. Such as: Orange Credit Card (In Association with Marble Cards). Orange World Orange Credit Cards. In association with marble cards (HFC) group Orange is offering now credit cards, With an (a.p.r) of 14.9% Orange should also look into the Advertising business, because it has millions of customers which is a key point and its strength. Orange should look this business seriously as it will help to generate additional revenue. Orange world Orange world is the internet portal giving the best of internet service on your mobile phone. Its gives the access to the web as if you are using your computer and internet at your home You can now download your favorite music, videos, play online games, download games, access to the latest news, do shopping, book your favorite holiday etc. 2.3 Marketing Plan 2010 Orange Marketing Plan Marketing plan can be explained in the following way. Executive Summary Introduction/State of Business Analyses Market/Industry/Competitors/ Companies (SWOT for each) Objectives and strategy Implementation (4/7Ps) Financial Implications Control and Evaluation Executive Summary Customer base increased by 6% in the year 2009 with nearly 200 million customers all over the world, In Europe there are about 20.7 million mobile telephone customers. In October 2009 Luxembourg became the 31st country which uses Orange services. To sustain its long-term growth, the Group needs to be present in every key link in the value chain. This will enable Orange to defend its positions against other major market competitors. Orange is now operating in 32 countries compared with 19 countries in 5 year ago time. Environmental Commitment 20% reduction in CO2 emissions between 2006 and 2020. 15% reduction in energy consumption between 2006 and 2020. 25% renewable energies for new mobile stations by 2015 (notably in Africa). 80% of Group scope engaged in Environmental Management System (EMS) process by 2015. State of Business The level and quality of business and financial performance were impressive, given the very difficult environment the France telecom faced from both a macroeconomic standpoint and in terms of regulatory pressures. The Group maintained its revenues, excluding the impact of regulatory measures, and generated cash flow that exceeded its announced objective. Orange launched service in Armenia and Uganda last year. With operations in Jordan since 2000, it was awarded the countrys first 3G licence and will begin marketing attractive solutions in the first a quarter of 2010. Around 3,500 researchers, marketing specialist works in Orange labs. Analysis Market Analysis SWOT Strength Strong customer base Good network strength Strong Marketing and promotion techniques Market Penetration Product Innovation Environmental Commitment Iphone 4 (Only available with O2,Vodaphoe and Orange) Weaknesses Poor Broadband services in UK. Major customers only in France and UK Opportunities Improvements in Broadband service. Orange can concentrate on its broad band service and improve in major parts of UK. Threats Stiff completion in the telecommunication industry (Competitors) all around the world. III) Orange Marketing Strategy The marketing strategy of orange can be explained in taking into example of Ansoff growth matrix strategy model. The model has four main objectives where the company does it business or operates Market Penetration Product Development. Market Development Diversification. (Figure 1.1 shows the example of Ansoff growth Matrix model) Existing Products New Products Market Penetration Product Development Market Development Diversification Existing Market New Market Figure 1.1 Ansoff growth Matrix Model Objectives of Orange The two main objectives of Orange is Profit Improvement Increase in Customer base. IV) Market Penetration. Market Penetration is a growth strategy where the company does the business where the market for that particular product is already in exists. Orange sells its Mobile and Broadband services in the market where there the competition is very high, currently in U.K market Orange faces tough competition from the following companies. Implementation 4 Ps of Orange Marketing http://jumpdigitalmedia.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/4ps.png I) Key Products Pay as you go products: These are the sim cards which are offered to customer, it need to top up every time with a minimum of  £5 pounds in order to make phone calls each cost costs up to 20p per minute and 10p on texts. Orange offers various pay as you go products each products has its own specialty all its pay as you go products in UK can be explained as follows. Monkey (for free text and music lovers) Dolphin (for free text and internet lovers) Canary (for free evening and weekend minutes) Racoon (15p per minute calls) Camel. (Good for International call users, calls to more than 50 countries from just 5p per minute.) Pay monthly products Orange offers pay monthly mobile contracts ranging from 18 months to 24 months. And again the above animals are used for the pay monthly mobile contracts with a different specialty each of them. Panther (Unlimited text, Unlimited Internet, Satellite navigation with Orange maps, 50 picture messages.) Dolphin (Unlimited Text, 250mb of mobile internet usage.) Canary (Unlimited Text) Racoon (Unlimited landline calls, 300 texts.) Broadband services Orange has categorized its broadband services into home broad band and mobile broad band. Home broad band is usually purchased by families for Internet browsing, Following are the packages available for Home broadband. Home Ultra (from  £10.5 per month plus  £10.50 Orange Line rentals) Home Max (Unlimited superfast broadband from  £6.50 per month plus  £10.50 Orange line rentals inclusive evenings and weekend calls) Home Select (Your own existing line rentals from  £9.00 per month) Home starter ( £7.00 per month) Mobile Broad band It is a broad band service which you can use take anywhere with you i.e. mobility They provide a dongal which is a kind of a memory stick and can be easily plugged in the laptop for Internet use. Again it uses the animals to identify its packages in broadband, each animal has different specialty. Following are the broadband packages which are made available to the customers Racoon (Usage of data from 500 MB to 1.5 GB) An 18 months contract from  £5 pounds to  £10 a month Dolphin (3 GB from  £35 pounds a month, 18 months contract) Panther (Unlimited usage of broad band from  £35 pounds a month) Price Orange has decided its price according to mobile or broad band service it provides, varieties of prices ranging from product to product. Its pay monthly product starts from  £15 a month to  £75 a month, this pricing is totally depends upon the usage and selection plan by the customer. Same thing applied to Home and Mobile broad band. Place Orange is making is service available in many parts of the world with the network reach to more than 21 countries, including all Europe, some parts of Asia, Middle East and Africa. Promotion Orange UK uses various techniques to promote its products and benefits to its customers One of its important and long running promotion activity is Orange Wednesday cinema tickets, which are buy one and get one free for all Orange customers in UK. Orange also does it advertisement with Yahoo and Hotmail users, whenever a user is logged in the system using yahoo mail or hotmail an advertisement pop up runs which informs the users about the current offers available and forthcoming mobile phone. In 2009 the Orange Foundation supported programmes in 31 of the Groups host countries in Europe, Africa and Asia. These initiatives promote schooling of girls and provide scholarships. Most of this work is part of broader projects aimed at economic integration for women, including the Feminine Promotion programme in Vietnam. Orange still continues its long running advertisement in UKs Cinema hall in almost all parts of the country. Financial Implications Orange has adjusted its Capital Expenditure with relation to the economic condition in the year 2009 while also taking care of the strategic area such as 3g mobile network and acquisition of new licenses in the emerging countries. The launch of a quadruple play will strength Oranges position It is an offering that combines fixed, Internet, mobile and TV services. Their another priority is optimising investments in marketing and sales, a key differentiating factor, coupled with the introduction of value-added Orange Care services for mobile customers. In addition, the Group will embark on the first phase of investments in its fibre-optic network in France 3.1 Understanding how to promote the marketing plan in support of strategic objectives As mentioned earlier the main strategic objectives of Orange is Market Penetration which can be known in Ansoff Growth Matrix and other one is achieving Higher Revenues. The Marketing plan discussed above will help Orange to achieve its above objectives in following ways Different varieties of product lines will help to focus different types of customers demand and requirement with regards to market segmentation which will increase number of customers. The Unique facilities to customers like Free Cinema tickets (Orange Wednesdays), International Access number for free International calls will attract new customers who are making International calls frequently and one who are movie lovers. The Collaboration with Apple company for iphone4 will also give competitive advantage as it currently only available with O2, Vodafone and Orange. The product Diversification also helps the orange to generate additional revenue, And can also attract customers from subsidiary business of orange to its main business for e.g. Introducing Orange Credit card in the market. 3.2 Approach to reach the agreement for the Marketing Plan, The approach will be based on the current analysis of Orange and its Marketing and Business Environment and also suggestions are made in plan which will help the Board of Directors and Management committee to go through the plan and arrange resources to implement the plan As plan concludes that it will be very helpful to Orange to increase its customer base and revenues which are the main objectives. Therefore it will be agreeable on the basis of its strong formation and projection. 3.3 Evaluation and Review Measures to agreed plan: This marketing plan uses one or more business building tests. These are tests of single marketing variables designed to find more effective or efficient ways of spending marketing resources. They involve monitoring and comparing the results of different spending levels, types of promotions, pricing, advertising, sales approaches, Of Orange. The effectiveness of Marketing plan can be reviewed by conducting Customers survey by phone, emails, texts, market surveys etc. Review can also be carried out by measuring Oranges performance before and after implementation of Marketing plan. Also by monitoring the telephone conversation between customer service department and customers of Oranges related with queries in order to identify the number of response of the customers regarding their satisfaction or dis-satisfaction with Orange products and to identify potential opportunities and weaknesses in all line of Oranges product .